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Welcome to the site! Login or Signup below. Posted: Monday, February 3, 2014 1:45 pm The Chippewa Nature Center is a busy place now, but the land also had activity on it in the early 1800s. The Oxbow Archaeology Group works to excavate sites and understand the former human inhabitants of the area. In between an early Chippewa occupation in the 1820s and an 1840s Cater site, there was another site across the river called the Ponton site, named after Thomas Ponton. Dr. Scott Beld, a research specialist at the University of Michigan, who mentors the group, was at the center recently to review the findings from excavation in 2002-2004 and again in 2013. The small, but congenial, crowd included a number who had participated in the digs. The Ponton site is home to an 1830s settler cabin, Beld said. “They came here to set up a mill. We don’t know if it was a sawmill or a grist mill. Mill seats in the Oxbow area were observed and recorded in 1823 and 1831. This just indicates potential, though, Beld said. It later was determined there was not enough “drop” to support a mill. On Oct. 29, 1832, Ponton “located,” or made claim, on the cabin’s site at the Land Office of the United States, becoming Midland’s first known European occupant. On Sept. 10, 1834, Ponton, whose address was listed as New York, paid in full and a land patent was granted by President Andrew Jackson. Beld showed artifacts discovered in surface collection by Art Pomranky, who combed the site before the CNC acquired it. They included an ox shoe and a small punch for marking the initials “TP” into items, but what items those might have been is hard to say. “We’re sure he wasn’t making things there because there was nobody to sell stuff to,” he said. “The only thing we’re finding that they probably made on site were the bricks,” Beld said. “I don’t think they rafted all the bricks up from Saginaw in the 1830s. Some bricks found at the Cater site likely were scavenged from the Ponton site, he noted. It is believed that Ponton married in August 1833 in London, then sailed to New York. In June 1835, he and someone assumed to be his wife — the spelling of the woman’s name differs in the two records — sold the land for $525 to Edward LeRoy and Daniel Fitzhugh of Livingston, N.Y. Why abandon it? “In 1835, there was nobody living out here,” Beld explained. “The closest settler was like 12 miles away. That same year, the first steam mill was built on the Saginaw River and that also could have played a role, as the area population could only support so many mills. In 1838, the Michigan Legislature granted LeRoy and Fitzhugh permission to build a dam across the Pine River, although it could have been the Chippewa, as the names sometimes interchanged then. That never happened either, likely in part because of a considerable depression on the site, Beld said. “The distance you’d have to dam is probably close to a quarter mile. In January 1841, LeRoy sold his share to Fitzhugh, who held the land until October 1880, when he sold it to Helen Cochrane and George Mountain of Midland County. Beld showed many slides of artifacts found on the site, some of which offered evidence to support the dates found in records and also provided a glimpse into the Pontons’ lives. When surface collection began in the corn stubble and weeds, he said, a metal detector picked up lots of nails. As they began digging, they found a door lock and key, pieces of porcelain dishes and window glass. The porcelain helped pinpoint the time frame. Some of the single-color transfer prints date to 1828 and shortly after. Multiple colors later were possible, but in the 1860s the U.S. assessed higher tariffs for printed porcelain, so the focus turned to white porcelain with elaborate patterns. Clews of Staffordshire, England, is the imprint most commonly found at Ponton. “I almost wonder if the newlyweds had a pattern, just because we keep finding this one maker,” Beld said. Excavators have found 1830s porcelain handpainted with multicolor, floral designs. They also have found edgeware, pieces with green or blue edges, narrowing the period further. Green edgeware was imported into Ontario until 1836, he said, then simply disappeared, while blue edgeware continued through the 1870s. Redware, made in Ohio from a soft red paste, was found, as well as stoneware crocks and glass bottles using techniques that ended in the Civil War. While some gun parts found in the area have been traced to Native Americans passing through, the percussion caps discovered probably were Ponton’s because he was known to have been in London. “In the 1830s, this is a new technology that’s just coming in,” Beld said, adding that at the Battle of the Alamo in early 1836, only two percussion firearms were available. By the 1840s, though, people were converting their flintlocks to percussion. Faceted glass beads found on site also probably belonged to the Pontons, because those were less common among the Native Americans. Other artifacts include white clay pipe fragments and trade silver, including “trade beads” that usually were carried on a string, but might have gotten snagged and broken as the rough terrain was traveled. Pomranky also found an 1831 George IV English penny in addition to U.S. large coins, and a pressed porcelain button, invented in 1841. That’s not to say all of the site’s history is recent – some of it is prehistoric. So much surface collection has taken place over the years that most arrowheads and the like are long gone, but “pretty much every era” has been somehow represented by stone tools, Beld said. The oldest is a Paleoindian channel flake, from the manufacture of spear points and knives. Radiocarbon dating put it at 10,500 years old, but as that type of dating has been called into question and adjusted, the true age is more like 11,000 to 12,000 years, he said. “That’s the earliest thing we’ve found at Chippewa Nature Center, that little flake there. More recent finds have included everything from seed beads to a musket ball. The only indications of children ever being at the Ponton site were a lead toy canoe and a fragment of writing slate. A U.S. Artillery button, with an eagle marked with an “A” for artillery, might be from a Lt. Benjamin Poole, who had been detached from his unit for engineering, and was helping survey for a military road from Saginaw to the Mackinac Straits. He is believed to have been very ill while in the area, and could have spent time recovering in the cabin. “Maybe two or three families lived in the Oxbow area,” Beld said, but with Saginaw thriving in the 1830s and Trombley settling in what is now Bay City in the 1840s, the area was growing. “Midland’s going strong in the 1850s. Layers revealed as excavation deepens show that a regional practice also was employed at the site: chucking garbage into the basement. “There’d be layers of trash in there, and they’d throw lime down to keep the stench down. Beld showed two pieces of an olive glass bottle, the neck and base, and cheers went up from the group as they proclaimed it their most exciting find in years. They have even concocted a backstory, in which a man is drinking in a latrine to hide from his wife, but drops the bottle inside, smashing it. For a map and details on the other sites, see http://www.chippewanaturecenter.org/Oxbow. The Oxbow Archaeologist Group meets regularly at the center and is open to new members. Copyright 2014 Midland Daily News - Midland, Michigan. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. Online Poll What did you think of this year's Super Bowl featuring the Denver Broncos vs. It was great! 20 13% It was so-so. 19 12% The advertisements were better. 29 18% Both the game and the advertisements were bad. Address: 124 S McDonald St. Phone number: 989.835. Fax number: 989.835. E-mail: info@mdn. © Copyright 2014, Midland Daily News - Midland, Michigan, Midland, MI. Powered by Blox CMS from TownNews.com. Screen Name or Email Password Forgot? Screen Name or Email Now I remember! Need an account? Create one now. 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